What is the whole history of the 2nd Amendment that has to do with Guns and Laws?

The second amendment gives you the rights to keep and bear arms. In other words protect yourself if attacked within the home.
The following purposes for the rights to bear arms or the right to arm are:

deterring undemocratic government;

repelling invasion

suppressing insurrection

facilitating a natural right of self-defense;

participating in law enforcement;

enabling the people to organize a militia system,

These are considered most important and most considered.

 The rights to own a gun is not based on the second amendment, with or without the second amendment individuals would still have the rights to posess a gun, firearm and etc.

There was compromise and conflict in Congress while producing the Bill of right:
James Madison initial proposal for a bill of rights was brought to the floor of the House of Representatives on June 8, 1789, during the first session of Congress. The initial proposed passage relating to arms was:

The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed; a well armed and well regulated militia being the best security of a free country but no person religiously scrupulous of bearing arms shall be compelled to render military service in person.

On July 21, Madison again raised the issue of his Bill and proposed a select committee be created to report on it. The House voted in favor of Madison's motion, and the Bill of Rights entered committee for review. The committee returned to the House a reworded version of the Second Amendment on July 28. On August 17, that version was read into the Journal:

A well regulated militia, composed of the body of the people, being the best security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed; but no person religiously scrupulous shall be compelled to bear arms

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution